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The Matsqui First Nation's traditional territory extends along the Fraser River from Crescent Island to Sumas Mountain and southward beyond the Canada-US border. They have lived on this land since time immemorial. They are now based primarily in what is now known as Abbotsford.

'Matsqui' means "Easy Portage". The Matsqui people are part of the broader cultural group of the Stó:lō Peoples. Their tradtional language is Halq'eméylem (the upriver dialect of Halkomelem).